Le Masserie Pugliesi. Segni architettonici nel paesaggio agrario regionale

Il repertorio delle masserie possiede in Puglia numerosissime declinazioni, ognuna delle quali costituisce un esempio unico. Eppure una sorta di classificazione “manualistica” appare necessaria, se si intende in qualche modo approfondire uno studio di carattere generale. Suddividere l’insieme su base temporale – masserie medievali, cinquecentesche, barocche etc. – contribuirebbe a far chiarezza, ma non restituirebbe al lettore un quadro esauriente degli aspetti che in maniera profonda hanno contribuito alla definizione dei tipi edilizi; nei secoli, infatti, gli stessi modelli produttivi sono stati riprodotti in diverse masserie senza sostanziali variazioni distributive e funzionali. In quest’ottica, un discorso di carattere tipologico sulle masserie deve necessariamente privilegiare la corrispondenza tra forma e funzione, piuttosto che tra forma ed “estetica”, cosa che la storiografia dedica generalmente a fenomeni analoghi architettonicamente più “pregiati”. Nella classificazione dei tipi, pur nei limiti che questa comporta, è necessario quindi correlare l’assetto spaziale e distributivo alla natura delle attività produttive svolte, alla tradizione costruttiva del luogo, al contesto geografico e alle forme di governo del territorio e delle sue risorse

La fortificazione delle mura urbane a Pisa nel XVI secolo. Il rilievo delle strutture superstiti

Partendo dall'analisi di rilievo dei tre baluardi cinquecenteschi a Pisa (Parlascio, Barbagianni, Stampace), lo studio è incentrato sull'indagine storico-architettonica del primo fronte bastionato realizzato a Pisa nel XVI secolo

From survey to semantic representation for Cultural Heritage: the 3D modeling of recurring architectural elements

The digitization of Cultural Heritage paves the way for new approaches to surveying and restitution of historical sites. With a view to the management of integrated programs of documentation and conservation, the research is now focusing on the creation of information systems where to link the digital representation of a building to semantic knowledge. With reference to the emblematic case study of the Calci Charterhouse, also known as Pisa Charterhouse, this contribution illustrates an approach to be followed in the transition from 3D survey information, derived from laser scanner and photogrammetric techniques, to the creation of semantically enriched 3D models. The proposed approach is based on the recognition -segmentation and classification- of elements on the original raw point cloud, and on the manual mapping of NURBS elements on it. For this shape recognition process, reference to architectural treatises and vocabularies of classical architecture is a key step. The created building components are finally imported in a H-BIM environment, where they are enriched with semantic information related to historical knowledge, documentary sources and restoration activities

3D Reconstruction, Digital Twinning, and Virtual Reality: Architectural Heritage Applications

Virtual Reality proposes different innovative solutions for the fruition of tangible, intangible, or no longer existing Cultural Heritage. The representation of architectural artifacts through virtual 3D models framed in immersive and interactive virtual environments allows building new paths of knowledge. This kind of narrative feeds the fruition, the understanding, and the involvement of the user. The article presents different examples of VR applied in the CH field, highlighting the VR capacities, foreshadowing possible future developments in the specific domain. The first case study describes the reconstructive digital modeling and the prototype application of VR aimed at rendering the interior space of the provisional hall of the First Italian Parliament, no longer existing, for the use of visitors to Palazzo Carignano in Turin. The second case study concerns the Charterhouse of Pisa in Calci and deals with two VR experiences realized for a new visit tour: 3D reconstruction of the illusory space depicted in a quadraturist frescoes and 3D representation of the layout of the cloister in its most important historical phases. The third case study deals with the reconstruction of the Cathedral of Carpi through a 3D interoperable BIM model and the new communication tool called “during time Digital Twin”, which uses a combination of VR and AR

Frescoed vaults: Accuracy controlled simplified methodology for planar development of three-dimensional textured models

In the field of documentation and preservation of cultural heritage, there is keen interest in 3D metric viewing and rendering of architecture for both formal appearance and color. On the other hand, operative steps of restoration interventions still require full-scale, 2D metric surface representations. The transition from 3D to 2D representation, with the related geometric transformations, has not yet been fully formalized for planar development of frescoed vaults. Methodologies proposed so far on this subject provide transitioning from point cloud models to ideal mathematical surfaces and projecting textures using software tools. The methodology used for geometry and texture development in the present work does not require any dedicated software. The different processing steps can be individually checked for any error introduced, which can be then quantified. A direct accuracy check of the planar development of the frescoed surface has been carried out by qualified restorers, yielding a result of 3 mm. The proposed methodology, although requiring further studies to improve automation of the different processing steps, allowed extracting 2D drafts fully usable by operators restoring the vault frescoes

Analysis and definition of restoration strategies with H-BIM applications. The case study of Vittorio Giorgini's “Casa Esagono” in Baratti, Italy

This contribution is focused on the “Casa Esagono” realized in 1957 by Vittorio Giorgini in Baratti (LI), Italy. The research objective is to lay the foundations for a restoration plan of this experimental wooden architecture, which is now in precarious conditions due to its location near the sea, and whose constructive features, has always raised great questions about the technical feasibility of a full restoration. The paper describes the workflow for the implementation of the H-BIM model, aimed to organise all the data deriving from the historical and on-site research, and the restoration programme. The historical analysis about the house and the architect was the basis for the geometric survey and the analysis of building materials. All building components were subjected to visual analysis aimed to identify deterioration forms. The proposed conservation approach aims to maintain as much of the original elements as possible, while increasing their durability. H-BIM revealed to be the ideal tool to manage the entire restoration process, whose ultimate goal is to celebrate Giorgini’s work, to exploit the potential of the house as a cultural attraction

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN FOR THE PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF HISTORICAL HERITAGE. A PREFABRICATED COVERING PROTOTYPE FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN RURAL CONTEXT

In Italy, many archaeological sites in peri-urban and rural areas are in a deep state of neglect, with unprotected remains and no prospects of enhancement. The paper shows the results of a study aimed at developing a parametric prototype of a prefabricated coverage, to be adapted to various conditions. The Roman Domus of the Acropolis of Populonia in the archaeological park of Baratti and Populonia in Tuscany was chosen as case study. The prototype was parametrically realized using heuristic algorithms based on natural selection (Genetic Algorithms), associated with multi-objective optimization criteria. The algorithm was conceived to optimize the support pillars’ position and the visiting path, in relation to the main points of interest of the archaeological site. The final product consists of a wooden structural covering with 11 steel circular-section pillars, completed with a casing made of wood slats and opaque white PVC sheets

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN FOR THE PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF HISTORICAL HERITAGE. A PREFABRICATED COVERING PROTOTYPE FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN RURAL CONTEXT

In Italy, many archaeological sites in peri-urban and rural areas are in a deep state of neglect, with unprotected remains and no prospects of enhancement. The paper shows the results of a study aimed at developing a parametric prototype of a prefabricated coverage, to be adapted to various conditions. The Roman Domus of the Acropolis of Populonia in the archaeological park of Baratti and Populonia in Tuscany was chosen as case study. The prototype was parametrically realized using heuristic algorithms based on natural selection (Genetic Algorithms), associated with multi-objective optimization criteria. The algorithm was conceived to optimize the support pillars’ position and the visiting path, in relation to the main points of interest of the archaeological site. The final product consists of a wooden structural covering with 11 steel circular-section pillars, completed with a casing made of wood slats and opaque white PVC sheets